ABSTRACT Though there is presence of human resource practices in Kampala International University (KIU), they have ineffectively led to employees not meeting deadlines, accomplish job tasks and answer customers’ desires. The main aim of this research was to establish the effect of human resource practices on employee performance at Kampala International University in Kampala, Uganda. Study comprised of five research objectives; (1) to determine the effect of human resource planning on employee performance at Kampala International University in Kampala; (2) to find the effect of recruitment and selection on employee performance at Kampala International University in Kampala; (3) to determine the effect of compensation on employee performance at Kampala International University in Kampala; (4) to assess the effect of training and development on employee performance at Kampala International University in Kampala, (5) to find the effect of performance appraisal on employee performance at Kampala International University in Kampala. 200 respondents were sampled from target population of 476 selected employees and a cross sectional research design. The research findings showed that; human resource planning by means of R2 = 0.182, positively (β=0.660) and significantly (p-value=0.000) affect employee performance of Kampala International University; recruitment and selection by means of R2 = 0.086, positively (β=0.287) and significantly (sig-value=0.000) affect employee performance of Kampala International University; compensation per R2 = 0.179, positively (β=0.607) and significantly (sig-value=0.000) affect employee performance of Kampala International University; training and development per R2=0.205, positively (β=0.678) significantly (sig-value=0.000) affect employee performance of Kampala International University; and performance appraisal by R2 = 0.265, positively (β=0.685) and significantly (sig-value=0.000) affect employee performance of Kampala International University. The research concluded that; human resource planning statistically and significantly affect employee performance of Kampala International University; recruitment and selection statistically and significantly affect employee performance of Kampala International University; compensation statistically and significantly affect employee performance of Kampala International University; training and development statistically and significantly affect employee performance of Kampala International University; and performance appraisal statistically and significantly affect employee performance of Kampala International University. The study recommended that; Kampala International University ought to make vibrant promotion possibilities to its employees; advertise its job postings to the public during recruitment; normally conduct formal induction and orientation; pay for employee performance according to the roles and responsibilities of the job; employees be rewarded based on their performance; discuss training needs with its employees; dedicate budget to training and development every year; and appraisal data should appropriately be used for promotion. The study contributed to existing knowledge in the following ways; more human resource practices have been analyzed and will help university to make priorities in order to meet its objectives as these among others affect its employee performance; employees’ xiii challenges have been comprehensively submitted to the management to provide possible and appropriate solutions.