ABSTRACT

Well water samples were collected from different household wells in Ifedapo Estate in Abuja community of Ikorodu Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. The samples of the well were analyzed for their physiochemical properties. The physiochemical properties of the water samples were analyzed using standard methods. The pH and Temperature ranged from 6.41-7.11 and 26.79-27.370C respectively. The bicarbonate and sulphates value were in the range of (28.41-31.41mg/l) and (17.42-28.69mg/l). The result obtained was compared with the drinking Water Quality Maximum Permissible level (NSDWQ) and World Health Organization (WHO).

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page                                                                                                                  

Certification                                                                                                   i

Dedication                                                                                                      ii

Acknowledgment                                                                                           iii

Abstract                                                                                                          iv

Table of Contents                                                                                           v

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                          1

1.1.            Introduction                                                                                        1

1.2.            Justification                                                                                         2

1.3.            Aim and Objectives                                                                             3

CHAPTER TWO                                                                                          4

2.0      Literature Review                                                                                 4

2.1      History of Water                                                                                   4

2.2      The Global Water Cycle                                                                        4

2.3      Distribution of fresh water resources                                                    7

2.4      Ground water hydrology: How water works                                        8

2.5      World demand for water                                                                      10

2.6       Depletion of fresh water resources                                                      12

2.7      Water Salinization                                                                                13

2.8      Water Pollution                                                                                     14

2.9      Water Related Diseases                                                                        16

2.10    Water Quality Impacts                                                                         17

2.11     Groundwater                                                                                       18

2.12     Rivers and Streams                                                                              19

2.13     Lakes                                                                                                    19

2.14     Contaminants in water                                                                         20

2.15     Water Temperature                                                                              21

2.16     Acidification                                                                                         21

2.17     Pathogenic Organisms                                                                          21

2.18     Trace Metals                                                                                          22

2.19     Emerging Contaminants                                                                        22

2.20     Effects of Poor Water Quality on the Environment                              23

2.21     Pollution by Heavy Metals                                                                    23   

CHAPTER THREE                                                                                        24

3.0      Materials and Method                                                                             24

3.1      Materials                                                                                                  24                                                                      

3.1.2   Sources of materials                                                                                 24

3.1.3   Water Collection Process                                                                         24

3.1.4   Methods                                                                                                   24

3.1.5   Physio-Chemical Properties                                                                     24

ANALYSIS                                                                                                        26

3.2.2.1    Determination of pH                                                                             26

3.2.2.2   Determination of Temperature                                                               26

3.2.2.3    Determination of Lead                                                                          26

3.2.2.4    Determination of Bi-Carbonates                                                            26

3.2.2.5    Determination of Manganese                                                                 26

3.2.2.6    Determination of Mercury                                                                      28

3.2.2.7    Determination of Arsenic                                                                       29

3.2.2.8    Determination of Sulphates                                                                    29

CHAPTER FOUR                                                                                               30

4.0       Results and Discussion                                                                              30

4.1       Results                                                                                                        30

4.2       Discussion                                                                                                  33

CHAPTER FIVE                                                                                                  36

5.1       Conclusion                                                                                                  36

5.2        Recommendation                                                                                       36

             References                                                                                                  37

            Appendix                                                                                                     47