TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION .............................................................................................................................. i

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................... v

LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................. vi

CHAPTER ONE .................................................................................................................. 1

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY .......................................................................................... 2

1.2 Problem statement ..................................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Research questions .................................................................................................................... 4

1.4 Objectives of the study .............................................................................................................. 5

1.6 Significance of the study ........................................................................................................... 5

1.7 Limitations of the study ............................................................................................................. 6

1.8 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 6

1.9 Overview of the chapters ........................................................................................................... 6

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................................... 8

2.1 Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 8

2.2 The international legal frame work on protection of IDPs ...................................................... 10

2.3 Uganda's 1995 Constitution and Housing as a 'Right' ........................................................... 11

2.4 The guiding principles on internal displacement .................................................................... 13

CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................................ 16

3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 16

3.2lnternal displacement in Uganda ............................................................................................. 16

3.3 Causes of internal displacement .............................................................................................. 17

3.2.4 Judicial remedies .................................................................................................................. 18

3.2.5 Prospects of return ................................................................................................................ 18

iii

CHAPTER FOUR: TOWARDS ADEQUATE PROTECTION OF IDPS RIGHTS TO

ADQUATE HOUSING AND SHELTER ........................................................................... 20

4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 20

4.2 Adoption of a human rights based approach to the protection ofiDPs .................................. 20

4.2.1 Adoption of a legally binding international instrument on ID Ps ......................................... 21

4.2.1.1 Proposed form for the Convention on internal displacement ............................................ 22

4.2.2 Assign principle responsibility to one operational agency for all situations of internal ...... 23

displacement .................................................................................................................................. 23

4.2.3 Greater reliance on civil society organisations (CSOs) ........................................................ 24

4.2.4 IDPs should be allowed to exercise the option to seek asylum outside the country ............ 25

4.3 Protection at national level ...................................................................................................... 25

4.3 .I Conflict reso !uti on ................................................................................................................ 25

4.3 .2 A void prolonged stay in camps ............................................................................................ 26

4.4 International responsibi I ity for the protection of ID Ps ............................................................ 2 6

4.4. I Dep I o ym en t of peacekeeping forces .................................................................................... 27

4.4.2 Regional efforts .................................................................................................................... 28

4.5 Cone! us ion ............................................................................................................................... 29

CHAPTER FIVE: GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ............................................................... 35

5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 35

5.2 Internal displacement remains a challenge .............................................................................. 35

5.3 Internal displacement is inextricably linked with human rights abuses .................................. 35

5.4 Internal displacement in Gulu ................................................................................................. 36

5.5 Internal displacement in northern Uganda .............................................................................. 36

5.6 State sovereignty ..................................................................................................................... 36

5. 7 International response .............................................................................................................. 3 7

5.8 Durable so I utions ..................................................................................................................... 3 7

5. 9 Ending Displacement .............................................................................................................. 38