PRODUCTION OF MOSQUITO REPELLENT USING ORANGE PEELS
ABSTRACT
Mosquito repellents are substances that can be used to repel mosquitoes which are a vector that transmits malaria. A typical example of a mosquito repellent is mosquito coil which drives away mosquito when it is ignited. The smoke that is emitted from burning a mosquito coil contains active ingredients used to prevent mosquito from biting particularly during the hour of sleep having been designed to burn for hours. These active ingredients have known to act as repellent agent which cause a distasteful environment for the mosquito and act as agents of immobilization which disturbs the food searching mechanism of the mosquito. Orange peels (Cestrum) contain oil known as Limonene oil which has a lethal effect on mosquitoes and some other insects. It can be used as active ingredient to produce mosquito coil, which when ignited, will repel mosquitoes within the limits of the smoke.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER  ONE
1.0    Introduction
1.1    Background of the study
1.2    Statement of the problem
1.3    Objective of the study
1.4    Significance of the study
1.5    Scope of the study
1.6    Research question  
CHAPTER TWO
2.0    Literature Review
2.1    Sources of vitamin c
2.2    Functions of Ascorbic Acid
2.3    Factors affecting ascorbic acid utilization
2.4    Ascorbic acid determination
CHAPTER THREE
3.0    Materials and method
3.1    Apparatus
3.2    Preparation of  Reagents
3.5    Procedure
Reference  
CHAPTER ONE
1.0    INTRODUCTION
1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
   INSECTICIDES (General Overview)
Insecticide is a substance or a mixture of substances used for killing insects[1]. It is well known fact that many protozoal bacteria diseases are transmitted from man to man by insects. One may combat these diseases not only by means of prohylactic drugs but also by the destruction of the insects carriers.
Insecticide is a chemical compound that is lethally toxic to insects either by ingestion or by body contact. It is applied to vegetation, crops and insect breeding areas either as liquid spray or as dry powder[2].
They are used in agriculture, medicine, industry and household. The use of insecticides is believed to be one of the major factors behind the increase in agricultural productivity in 20th century.
Nearly, all insecticides have the potential to significantly affect ecosystem, many are toxic to human and others are concentrated in food chains. It is necessary to balance agricultural needs with environmental and health issues when using insecticides. It is crucially important that all the rural derive in Nigeria are  educated on the need to eradicate insects especially mosquitoes that might breed  in their environment and transmit malaria to people living within the enclave.
 If insects becomes a problem despite the measures that must have been taken, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) seeks to control them using the safest possible methods targeting the approach to the particular pest. Years now, effort are geared towards controlling malaria infestation both in urban and rural areas a lot of measures are being take to reduce the number of death as a result of malaria.
1.2    STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Recent studies showed that the smoke generated form burning mosquitoes coil is of certain health concerns. A person being exposed to the smoke coming from the coil may suffer severe headache, nausea and vomiting, the condition will be severe among asthmatic patients. The emission from one burning coil can be as high as that released from 51 burning cigarettes. This is because of the chemicals found in mosquito coils out of natural ingredients may remove these problems.
1.3    OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
    The purpose of this work is to produce mosquitoes repellent using orange peels (cestrum) wastes perse, which will save the cost of production and purchase, thereby increasing it’s availability especially in the rural areas.
If the work is successful, production of mosquitoes repellents using orange peels will provide source of employment to our teaming youths.
Also make mosquito repellent within the reach of everybody.
Thereby reducing the number of death due to malaria caused by mosquito bite.  
1.4    SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of my project work is the producing of a mosquito coil that is not harmful to our health and killing mosquito that are vector carriers of malaria sickness and is environmental friendly.
1.5    SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Orange peels (cestrum) will be collected and used for the production of mosquito coil. The produced coil will be tested for effectiveness performance and cost analysis should also be carried out to know if mass production will be encouraged.