Titrimetric method was used to analyze ten different brands of each vitamin C syrups that are sold in Gombe metropolis. The percentage of ascorbic acid content in vitamin C syrups containing 100mg/5ml showed that samples (1,2,3 and 7) having (68.37%,54.10%, 52.10%, and 74.00%) were below 95-105 recommended by British pharmacopeia limit. While for A samples (4, 5 and 6)have percentage ascorbic acid content of (95.00%, 95.10% and 96.00% )respectively and were within the normal ranges. The vitamin C syrups that contain 40mg/5ml showed that samples (1,2 and 3) to contain (84.05%, 76.42%, and 88.87%) respectively which are all below the normal specification range of 95-105 . Therefore, the total percentage pass of the experiment is 30% while the percentage failure is 70%. Hence it can be concluded that most of the Vitamin C syrups being sold within the metropolis are of substandard quality.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page………………………………………………..........................................................i
Declaration………………………………………………........................................................ii
Certification……………………………………………….....................................................iii
Dedication………………………………………………….....................................................iv
Acknowledgement…………………………………………...................................................v
Table of content…………………………………………….................................................vi
List of Tables.....................................................................................................................ix
Abstract……………………………………………………....................................................x
CHAPTER 1
1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..1
1.1 Statement of the problem………………………………………………………………….2
1.2 Justification of the study……………………………………………………………….....2
1.3 Aims of the study………………………………………………………………………….2
1.4 Objectives of the study…………………………………………………………………….3
1.5 Significance of the study……………………………………………………………………..3
1.6 Scope/Limitation of the study…………………………………………………….……….3
CHAPTER 2
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………………………………..4
2.1 Vitamin C…………………………………………………………………………………..4
2.2 Functions of Vitamin c…………………………………………………………………….6
2.3 Mechanism of Action of Vitamin C………………………………………………….......9
2.4 Deficiency of Vitamin C…………………………………………………………...........10
2.5 Toxicity of Vitamin C………………………………………………………………........12
2.6 Roles of Vitamin C in mammals…………………………………………………...…….12
2.6.1 Enzymatic Factor………………………………………………………………………..12
2.7 Anti-oxidant activities…………………………………………………………………….13
2.8 Immune system…………………………………………………………………………..14
2.8.1 Anti-histamine…………………………………………………………………………15
2.8.2 Substandard Drugs……………………………………………………………………..15
2.9 The extent of the problem………………………………………………………………16
2.9.1 Consequences of Substandard and counterfeit medicine…………………………….17
CHAPTER 3
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………………………………….19
3.1 Reagents and Methods……………………………………………………………….......19
3.2 Collection of Sample…………………………………………………………………......19
3.3 Preparation of reagents……………………………………………………………………20
3.4.1 Methods…………………………………………………………………………………20
3.4.2 Vitamin C syrup…………………………………………………………………………21
CHAPTER 4
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………………………………...23
4.1 Results…………………………………………………………………………………..23
4.2 Discussion………………………………………………………………………………26
CHAPTER 5
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………….28
5.1 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………28
5.2 Recommendations………………………………………………………………………28
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………30
