Abstract

This chapter comprises of the background to the study, statement of the problem, purpose of the study. According to Daft (1998), Motivation is referred to as the forces either internal or external to a person that a rouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. Heinz and Koontz (1993), defined motivation as a general term applying to the entire class of drives, desires needs wishes and related forces. Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. Motivation is what causes us to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. Human resource is extremely impmiant in an organization because machines cannot work on their own; machines are operated by a person that is, there must be a machine operator. Much strength is being put on human resource. Therefore workers need to be comfortable at the place of work, thus, this is possible by motivating them in every possible way. Drucker (1974), asserts that human resource is all about economic resources, the most recent efficiently used and that the greatest opportunity for improved economic performance lies in their work. He argues that the management of employees and their work is one of the basic function management. In well managed organizations in which subordinates work extra ordinary, supenors may need motivation accordingly by encouraging colleagues to share ideas and enthusiasm at work. Motivation can be used to achieve both collaboration and cooperation from every one you work with. (Heller, 1998) The act of motivating people starts with learning how to influence individual behavior once is understood, good results are gained at both sides the organization and its members. (Heller, 1998) People should have basic needs for example food, water, shelter, or money that translate into an internal tension or specific motives and behaviors, with which to fulfill the needs that the behavior is successful, the person is rewarded in the sense that the need is satisfied.