ABSTRACT

The inability of an organism to efficiently remove excess waste from the body have been a major issues attached to acute kidney injury (AKI) which is the most common cause of organ dysfunction. Oleanolic acid and rutin which are from the families of saponin and flavonoid respectively have been discovered to possess certain biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-viral and nephroprotective activities that can help in therapeutic management of acute kidney injury. In this study, the nephroprotective effect of rutin and oleanolic acid was carried out as well as the comparative therapeutic effect of the phytochemicals on renal biomarkers and electrolytes imbalance in the serum and urine of albino rats induced with acute kidney injury. Female wistar rats (n=25) weighing 200 ± 20 g were divided into 5 groups; sham, Ischemia reperfused (I/R) group, while the remaining 3 groups were pretreated orally with a single dose of 10 mg/kg oleanolic acid, 20 mg/kg rutin and 0.143 mg/kg moduretic (Amiloride HCl  and hydrochlorothiazide) respectively. Afterwards, ischemia injury was performed for 45 minutes and they were reperfused for 24 hours. Blood and urine samples were collected after reperfusion for biochemical analyses. The effect of rutin and oleanolic acid on renal biomarkers and electrolytes, albumin level and alkaline phosphatase activity were assessed in the serum and urine of the animals. The results indicated that there was a significant (p