The study focused on the ways of controlling sexually transmitted diseases and the protection of the rights of the people living with sexually transmitted diseases in Uganda. Sexually transmitted diseases are worldwide health problem affecting both the young ones and the old irrespective of their status. Some of the sexually transmitted diseases like I-IlV / AIDS have got no cure, yet the people living with sexually transmitted diseases are surviving on the availability of antiretroviral drugs. There has been an outcry from the people living with sexually transmitted diseases regards to violation of their rights due to lack of protection from the existing legal system. The purpose of the study was to examine ways of controlling sexually transmitted diseases, protection and promotion of the rights of the people living with sexually transmitted diseases in Uganda, within the ambit of the law. These entails exploring the challenges with the hope of developing recommendations that will be adopted to ensuring realization of the rights of the people living with sexually transmitted diseases. Both qualitative and quantitative methods shall be used. The use of qualitative shall be through coding, relating and identifying patterns. Recommendations shall be drawn with respect to the data collected and the discussion carried out therein. For instance, one of the recommendations suggests that Uganda Human Rights Commission should push for enactment of relevant laws that would directly promote the rights of the people living with sexually transmitted diseases and also use the existing legal instrument to ensuring that in controlling sexually transmitted diseases in Uganda, the rights of the infected persons are not only realized but also promoted and strictly protected.