THE IMPACT OF PROPER UNDERWRITING IN PROMOTING INSURANCE IMAGE IN NIGERIA
(A STUDY OF NIGER INSURANCE PLC)
ABSTRACT
Insurance companies are legal entities that cover the insured against certain unexpected occurrence of an event in exchange for payment of a predetermined amount of money called premium. In underwriting insured risks insurance companies do accepts risks that have different risk profile but the acceptance of those risks are under different conditions which they face a lot of challenges in carrying out these activities because of low modern technology and facilities, lack of professionals in underwriting department which brought to foe low confidence on the insured. This study therefore is exploratory study to determine the impact of proper underwriting in promoting insurance image in Nigeria. The population of the study comprises both underwriters and insured of Niger insurance plc Enugu. Both primary and secondary data were collected. The data was analyzed by the use of chi-square statistical method. The study came out that for proper underwriting in promoting insurance image, the insurance need to establish rules which will result in securing an average proportion of good risk. It was recommended that the underwriters should be exceptionally in the selection of their applications they should not be too glad in receiving premium but too reluctant in meeting their claims.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1        Background of study                    
1.2        Statement of Problems                                     
1.3        Objective of the Study                 
1.4        Research Questions                             
1.5        Research Hypothesis                    
1.6        Significant of the study                 
1.7        Scope and Limitation of the study          
1.8        Definition of the Terms                 
References
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
2.1        An overview                                       
2.2        Historical Development of Niger insurance plc
2.3        Historical Development of Underwriting           
2.4        Traditional Underwriting Practice                    
2.5        How underwriters assess risk in insurance industry    
2.6        The Impact of underwriting on the Nigeria economy
2.7        The effect of improper underwriting on the insurance industry                                            
2.8        Problems facing underwriters in assessment of risk
2.9        Prospect of proper Underwriting and Management`
References
CHAPTER THREE
Research  Design and Methodology
3.1    An Overview                                               
3.2    Sources of Data                                          
3.3    Population of Study                                              
3.4    Sampling Size Determination                         
3.5    Questionnaire Administration                         
3.6    Method of Data Analysis                               
3.7    Validity and Reliability of Instrument       
References
CHAPTER FOUR
Data Presentation, Analysis and Discussion Of Findings      
4.1    An Overview                               
4.2        Data Presentation                                        
4.3        Data Presentation                                        
4.4        Testing of Hypothesis                                     
4.5        Discussion of Findings                                      
CHPTER FIVE
Summary of Finding, Conclusion and Recommendation      
5.1        Summary of Findings                           
5.2        Conclusions                                        
5.3    Recommendations                               
5.4    Suggestions for Further Studies     
Bibliography
Appendix
Sample of Questionnaire
 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
        Insurance companies are legal entities that cover the financial impact of it that derives from the occurrence of certain unexpected insured events affecting the insured. They offer this benefit in exchange for payment of a predetermined amount of money called premium. By pulling similar risks together insurance companies transform the unpredictability of the occurrence of an event to an individual into expected events affecting any one of the insured participants. In underwriting insured risks, insurance companies do accepts risks that have different risk profile but the acceptance of those risks are under different conditions, like charging an extra premium, applying exclusions or waiting periods to restore the necessary risk homogeneity in the portfolio. There are also problems in carryout these activities because of low modern technology and facilities in place to enhance underwriting process, lack of professionals in underwriting department of insurance industry which brought to foe low confidence on investors who want to invest. This study therefore is exploratory study to determine the impact of proper underwriting in promoting insurance image in Nigeria.
However, Niger insurance underwriters have developed a sense to assess the anti-section effect in the process of assessing the risk they use two important considerations when assessing a risk, the physical risk is related to the physical characteristics of the insured object that may increase the possibility of a claim. On the other hand, the moral risk is related to the applicants’ reputation, financial position or criminal record. When underwriters evaluate applications for insurance they follow a very thorough thought process to identify the moral and the physical risk. In promoting insurance image in Nigeria, the insured will always know more than anyone else about the perils to which their own goods, business or health are exposed to. This underwriting is performed each time an insurance application is taken. Its purpose is to determine if application represent risks acceptable to the insurer to determine whether or not the insurer will issue a policy to proposer. The central impact of the underwriting is to help the insurance company in creating homogeneous portfolio by evaluating the risks and accepting them under conditions that make them behave similarly which is geared towards promoting good insurance image.
1.2    STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
        The following are my statement of the problems:
Poor insurance image due to lack of improper underwriting as a result of low modern technology and facilities in place to enhance underwriting process. Inadequate assessment of risk due to lack of professionals which brought to foe low confidence on the insured. Inability to provide best advice with respect to risk protection for the individual and companies looking for protection
1.3    OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
        The researcher tends to achieve the following:
i.                    To promote insurance image and assess the factor that will enhance proper underwriting process.
ii.                  To describe the implication of non-professionals and to promote insured’s confidence towards insurance.
iii.                To ascertain whether underwriters advice their clients looking for protection.
 1.4    RESEARCH QUESTIONS
a.   What factor enhances proper underwriting process?
b.   What implication do non-professionals exhibit in the expectation of the insured?
c.   What form of advice do underwriters give to their client?
 1.5    RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H0:    Proper underwriting does not promote insurance image.       
H1: Proper underwriting  promote insurance image
       1.6    SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
       This work will benefit the underwriters in the sense that it would help them to assess risk in order to understand the major loopholes and challenges they will face in underwriting of risk in the service to their client.
It will also benefit the general public in order to help them to know the various risk exposure to embark upon and how to insure them effectively and efficiently.
It will also aid the candidate or student having HND in insurance who will carryout further research on the related topic in the future.