TABLE OF CONTENT

i االية

Dedication ii

Acknowledgment iii

Abbreviations iv

Abstract vi

viii الملخص

Table of content x

List of tables xiii

List of figures xiv

CHAPTER ONE 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Study scope 4

1.3 Problem descriptions 4

1.4 Study objectives 5

1.4.1 Main objective 5

1.4.2 Specific objectives 5

CHAPTERTWO 6

2.1 Introduction 6

2.2 Materials and method 9

2.2.1 Field preparation 9

2.2.2 Field Measurements 11

2.3Result and dissection 15

CHAPTER THREE 22

xi

3.1 Introduction 22

3.2 The main objective 23

3.3Materials and methods 23

3.4Result and dissection 27

CHAPTER FOUR 33

4.1 Introduction 33

4.2 The objective 34

4.3 Materials and methods 34

4.3 Result and dissection 37

CHAPTER FIVE 52

5.1 Introduction 52

5.2 Materials and methods 53

5.3Result and dissection 66

CHAPTER SIX 71

Conclusions 71

Recommendations 73

References 74