EFFECT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER INTO BUSINESS ORGANIZATION IN NIGERIA
(A STUDY OF ESUT ICT UNIT)
ABSTRACT
This research work, examined effect of the introduction of computer into business organization in Nigeria with ESUT ICT unit as a case study. The objectives of the study include to: find out the extent the introduction of computer has influenced business organizations in Nigeria, ascertain the benefits of the introduction of computer into business organizations in Nigeria and determine the challenges militating against the introduction of computers into business organizations in Nigeria. The sources of data used were the primary and secondary sources of data. The population of the study was 30 while the sample size of 30 was determined by applying the rule governing population and sampling. The major instrument of data collection was the questionnaire. The data collected were presented in tables using frequencies and percentages and analysed using the five point lickert scale. The hypotheses were tested using the chi-square distribution formula. The findings include that the introduction of computer has influenced business organizations in Nigeria to a significant extent,  There are benefits of the introduction of computer into business organizations in Nigeria and there are challenges militating against introduction of computers into business organizations in Nigeria. The researcher concludes that the introduction of computer has influenced business organizations in Nigeria to a significant extent. It was recommended that Business organizations in Nigeria should embrace computer in their day to day activities as it influences their organizations to a significant extent, management of business organizations should try to look at the benefits of introducing computer in their organizations and both the management of business organizations and government should help to overcome the challenges militating against the introduction of computer in Nigeria organizations.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1     Background of the Study                        
1.2     Statement of the Problem                        
1.3     Objectives of the Study                         
1.4     Research Questions                            
1.5     Statement of Hypotheses                         
1.6     Significance of the Study                        
1.7    Scope of the Study                             
1.8    Limitations of the study                        
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1    Conceptual Framework of the Study                
2.2     Theoretical Framework of the Study                
2.3    Empirical Review                              
2.4 Summary of Review of Related Literature            
2.5 Gap in the Review of the Related Literature         
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1    Research Design                            
3.2    Sources of Data                            
3.2.1    Primary Sources                            
3.2.2 Secondary Sources                            
3.3    Area of the Study                            
3.4     Population of the Study                        
3.5    Sample Size Determination                     
3.6     Instruments for Data Collection                
3.7    Validity of the Instrument                     
3.8    Reliability of the Instrument                    
3.9     Method of Data Presentation and Analysis        
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1    Data Presentation and Analysis                 
4.2    Bio-Data                                    
4.3     Data Relating To Research Questions            
4.3.1 Research Question One                        
4.3.2 Research Question Two                        
4.3.3 Research Question Three                        
4.4    Test of Hypotheses                            
4.4.1 Test of Hypothesis One                        
4.4.2 Test of Hypothesis Two                        
4.4.3 Test of Hypothesis Three                        
4.5    Discussion of Findings                         
4.5.1 Discussion Based on Hypothesis One            
4.5.2: Discussion Based on Hypothesis Two            
4.5.3: Discussion Based on Hypothesis Three            
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1    Summary of Findings                         
5.2     Conclusion                                 
5.3     Recommendations                             
5.4    Contribution to Knowledge                     
5.5     Suggestions for further Research                
List of References                             
Appendix                                    
Questionnaire                                
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
    The introduction of computer-base system produces the most recent and existing of all revolutionary technical advances. Its profound impact in our daily lives and on the business communicated all imagination (Harthony, 213:72). The role of computer globally cannot be over-emphasized because it has been the major vehicle of change in the transition from the industrial age to the information age. In our professional lives, the computer is an integral tool in the performance of many jobs. The awareness and use of computer system can be found in almost every office due to the high standard of the communication network.
    Unfortunately, organizations in Nigeria were slow to appreciate the need for such a system (Arabisala, 2015:86). However, some reasons necessitated the need for the introduction of computers in business organizations in Nigeria. Firstly, top-level managers have been involved in the negotiation and agreements over the introduction and use of computer-based technique in their organization. Secondly, the presence of this device in organizations draw a line between prosperous and non-prosperous companies in the eyes of Nigerians. Thirdly, the work being carried out in most personnel department in various organizations in Nigeria has become a reality, so much that computers need to be introduced to promote efficiency. Despite the appreciation of the need for computer based management information system, it is not easy for business to do.
    In the words of fountain (2012:78) computers in business allow for greater interaction among employees, agencies, clients and customers. Managers can conduct conference calls, show training videos and even conduct web-based seminars online with computers. This inter-connectivity between businesses, clients or customers can even be administered internationally. According to Debela (2010:64), human resource managers can more readily, collect resumes from job applicants through computers and the internet.
    Olorunsola (2012:53) opines that our generation strives to be quick paced society, which are known to be. To do so, our generation uses computers to their full potential in order to do more tasks and to do them at a faster pace. Computers benefit the business and personal world by being able to do the following. More efficiently: buying and selling products, communication throughout the world, enhancing our knowledge, job influences, entertainment, research and pay bills. We are now capable of creating new, more and better quality tasks with the enhancement of our technology. Samuelson (2014:66), asserts that being a very crucial part of the human race, computers have ultimately attend the way today’s society works, communicates, entertains and educates. There is hardly any type of business whether small and medium scale business or large scale business where the computer isn’t essential, every small action performed in the job ultimately goes through some kind of a computer.
    Ekong (2013:106), stated that all businesses use computers to keep track of accounts, money or make transactions. No longer will it take days, or even weeks to communicate with someone that might not between located in one’s vicinity, as a compute allows one to easily send and receive e-mails with just the click of a button. With benefits, there comes a disadvantages. As for computers, there have been problems with an excessive use, security and privacy issues and the problem with a dominants culture. The excessive use of computers may result to a lack of human communication for face to face conversation. But it seems the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. It is based on this argument that the research wants to examine effect of the introduction in Nigeria using ESUT ICT as a case study.
1.2    Statement of the Problem
    The consequences of not introducing computer into business organizations in Nigeria have led to business activities. Fr example, a business organization can maintain a database of customers in its computers. The business ca then send coupons ort special promotions to these customers by e-mail.  Companies also save on paper costs when interacting through their computers.
    Furthermore, waste of time is another effect of not introducing computers into business organizations in Nigeria. for example a businessman can write distribute the report in just a few hours, even long distance. Previously, companies used typewriters for report where corrections were made on various pages. These pages then needed to be retyped until the report was error free. But now, wit the introduction of computers, the editing can be done with the computer before the final copy is produced.
    Finally, inability to introduce computer has made it difficult to keep track of accounts, among or make transactions.
1.3    Objectives of the Study
     The general objective of the study is to examine the effect of the introduction of computer into business organization in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT unit However, the specific objectives include:
1.    To find out the extent the introduction of computer has influenced business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT.     
2.    To ascertain the benefits of the introduction of computer into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT.
3.    To determine the challenges militating against the introduction of computers into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT.
1.4    Research Question
    Based on the objectives of the study, the following research questions were raised.
1.    To what extent has the introduction of computer influenced business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT?     
2.    What are the benefits of the introduction of computer into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT?
3.    What are the challenges militating against the introduction of computers into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT?
1.5    Statement of Hypotheses
Based on the research questions, the following hypotheses were formulated.
Hypothesis One
H1:    The introduction of computer has influenced business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT to a significant extent.    
Hypothesis Two
H1:    There are benefits to the introduction of computer into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT.
Hypothesis Three
H1:    There are challenges militating against introduction of computers into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT.
1.6    Significance of the Study
This research work is very important because it examines the effect of the introduction of computer into business organizations in Nigeria with reference to ESUT, ICT. So many people will benefit from this study, among them are managers of business organization, ESUT community, Government, the researcher and the general public. Managers of business organizations will benefit from this research work, because the knowledge gained from this study will helps them achieve success in their various business endeavour. Government will benefit from this study as the success of many businesses will lead to economic development of Nigeria. The researcher will benefit from this research work as it is a partial requirement for the award of a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) degree in Business Administration. The general public will benefit from this study as it can lead to job creation. The research work also serve as reference material for further research on this topic, in ESUT community.
1.7    Scope of the Study
This research work covered the extent the introduction of computer has influenced business organizations in Nigeria, the benefits of the introduction of computer the challenges militating against the introduction of computer into business organizations, and the solution to those challenges militating against the introduction of computer into business organization. The business organization covered is ESUT ICT.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The researcher encountered some impediments in the course of carrying out this research work. Among them were time, as the students and researchers are studying for their degree examination; Finance and uncooperative attitude of the respondents are equally impediments in this work.
Time: The researcher carried out part of this research work during lecture period. This made the researcher to miss some lectures.
Finance: The researcher spent some money on browsing and printing out relevant materials related to the research work.
Uncooperative Attitude of Respondents: The respondents of ESUT ICT were economical with information, but when they found out that the research work was for academic purpose, they gave out useful information relevant for the research work.