ABSTRACT
This project report describes the design and construction of an electronic door lock which uses a microcontroller as the main control unit. The project’s objective was to interface this microcontroller with an LCD, keypad and a DC motor. However, programming the PIC chip to perform a task like identifying an authorised user is also among the objectives of this project. Codes were developed in assembly language, complied, debugged and downloaded to the PIC microcontroller. These codes actually controls the activities of every other component attached to the microcontroller. The unique feature of this project is the use of LCD to display information to users and ability to change an unlock code as many times as necessary. It has two operational modes; the first modes only deactivates the lock while the other allows a user to change an unlock code. Only authorised users are granted access to the secured place. An authorised user is any person who can provide a correct Personal Identification Number (PIN). The lock mechanism is made of a spring controlled lock attached to a DC motor. When the motor receives an appropriate signal, it pulls away a cross pin which leaves the lock inactive. The spring in the lock pulls the cross pin back to activate the lock when the motor stops receiving signal. From the prototype constructed, a test was performed in real world environment. The test evaluates the system with all of the hardware and software components integrated. The goal was to emulate a real lock system and to monitor the response of the lock under odd situations for a given period of time. The test results obtained confirmed that the lock will serve in places where access control is required. The functionality of the lock can be enhanced by incorporating it with a computer and software that will allow for multiple users. With a computer, records of each user can be stored and retrieved when needed.
CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
Preliminary Pages
• Declaration ii
• Certification iii
• Dedication iv
• Acknowledgement v
• Abstract vi
• Table of Contents vii
Chapter One – General Introduction 01
1.0 Background of the project 01
1.1 Motivation and Significance 01
1.2 Aim and Objectives 02
1.3 Scope 02
1.4 Methodology 03
1.5 Project Outline 04
Chapter Two – Literature Review 05
2.0 Introduction 05
2.1 A Review of Previous Electronic Door Locks 05
2.2 Overview of PIC16F877 07
2.2.1 Specifications of PIC16F877 08
2.2.2 Pins Description of PIC16F877 08
2.2.3 Architecture of PIC16F877 09
2.2.4 Memory Organization of PIC16F877 12
2.2.5 Functionalities of PIC16F877 14
2.3 Overview of LM016L 14
2.3.1 Pin Configuration/Description of the LM016L 15
2.3.2 Command Set of the LM016L 16
TITLE PAGE
2.4 Keypad 17
2.5 Lock Mechanism 18
Chapter Three – Design Analysis, Coding and Implementation 19
3.0 Introduction 19
3.1 Hardware Design 19
3.1.1 Power Supply 19
3.1.2 Pull-Up Resistors 20
3.1.3 Indicators 21
3.1.4 Microcontroller Selection 22
3.1.5 Oscillator Selection 22
3.1.6 LCD Selection 23
3.1.7 Keypad Selection 23
3.1.8 DC Motor Selection 23
3.2 Software Design 23
3.2.1 Header Block 24
3.2.2 Configuration 24
3.2.3 Label Equates 25
3.2.4 Ports Initialization 25
3.2.5 Subroutines 25
3.3 Coding and Implementation 28
TITLE PAGE
Chapter Four – Discussions and Analysis 30
4.0 Introduction 30
4.1 Simulation and Debugging 30
4.2 Construction and Parts Coordination 31
4.3 Testing Plans and Specifications 33
4.3.1 Voltage and Power Supply Test Specification 33
4.3.2 PIC16F877 Test Specification 33
4.3.3 LM016L (LCD) Test Specification 33
4.3.4 Control Unit Test Specification 33
4.3.5 Overall System Test 34
4.4 Operational Principles of the UPDL 34
Chapter Five – Conclusions and Recommendations 35
5.0 Introduction 35
5.1 Conclusion 35
5.2 Recommendations 35
• References 37
• Appendix A 38
• Appendix B 43
• Appendix C 45
• Appendix D 49
