Topic: Using GIS to monitor Spatial Expansion of Federal College of Agriculture, Akure

Table of Contents

Declaration ....................................................................................................................................... i

Dedication ...................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgement......................................................................................................................... iv

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... v List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ix List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. x List of Plates .................................................................................................................................. xi CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Study ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2  Statement of Research Problem ....................................................................................... 4 

1.3  Research Questions .......................................................................................................... 6

 1.4  Aim of the Study .............................................................................................................. 6 

1.5  Objectives of the Study .................................................................................................... 6

 1.6  Justification of study ........................................................................................................ 6 

1.7  Scope of the study ............................................................................................................ 8

 1.8  Definition of Terms .......................................................................................................... 9

 1.9  Study Area ...................................................................................................................... 10 1.9.1  FECA and Environs ................................................................................................ 12

 1.9.2  Population ............................................................................................................... 14 

1.9.3  Climatic Analysis .................................................................................................... 15 

1.9.4  Rainfall .................................................................................................................... 15 

1.9.5  Relative Humidity ................................................................................................... 16 

1.9.6 Sunshine........................................................................................................................ 16 1.9.7 Wind ............................................................................................................................. 16 

1.10  Research Limitation ....................................................................................................... 17 CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................... 18 2.0  CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW .................................. 18 

vii  2.1  Literature Review ........................................................................................................... 18 2.1.1 Geospatial Technologies-GIS and Remote Sensing ..................................................... 18 2.1.2 Land Use/Land Cover: Concepts and Definitions ........................................................ 20 2.1.3 Land Use and Land Cover Change Studies .................................................................. 22 2.1.4 Urban Land Use Dynamics ........................................................................................... 25 2.1.5 Application of Remote Sensing on Urban Dynamics Study ........................................ 25 2.1.6  Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Creation .............................................................. 27 

2.1.7 Urban Patterns and Spatial Metrics .............................................................................. 27 2.1.8  Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) ....... 29 

2.1.9  Global Positioning System (GPS) Data Collection ................................................ 29 

2.2 Conceptual Framework ....................................................................................................... 30 2.2.1  Growth Pole Concept .............................................................................................. 30 

2.2.2  Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................... 32 

2.2.3  Models of Urban Land Use Planning...................................................................... 35 

2.2.4 Land Change Modeler: ................................................................................................. 37 2.2.5 Spatial Analysis and GIS on Health Issues .................................................................. 40 2.2.6 Explanatory Spatial Analysis Model ............................................................................ 42 

2.2.7 Modeling ....................................................................................................................... 43 

2.2.8  Building and Cadastral Infrastructure ..................................................................... 44 CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 45 3.0  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................................... 45 

3.1  Research Design ............................................................................................................. 45 

3.2  Research Population ....................................................................................................... 46 

3.3  Sample Size .................................................................................................................... 46 

3.4  Data Source .................................................................................................................... 48 3.4.1  Primary Sources ...................................................................................................... 48 

3.4.2  Secondary Data Source ........................................................................................... 48 

3.4.3  Study Materials and Media ..................................................................................... 49 

3.5   Method of Data Analysis............................................................................................... 51 

3.5.1  Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Creation .............................................................. 52

 3.5.2  Image enhancement and visual interpretation......................................................... 52 

viii  3.5.3  Image classification ................................................................................................ 52 

CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................................................... 55

 4.0  DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ............................................................... 55

 4.1  Field Survey ................................................................................................................... 55 

4.1.1  Major Socio-Economic Determinants of Spatial Expansion and Urban Growth ... 56 

4.2 Nature, Extent and Rate of Land Cover Change Classification .......................................... 66 4.2.1: Land Cover Change Classification for 1957 ............................................................... 67 4.2.2 Land Cover Change Classification for 2000 ................................................................ 69 4.2.3: Land Cover Change Classification for 2018 ............................................................... 71 4.2.4: Percentage Land Cover Change Classification for 1957,200 and 2018 ...................... 73 CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 75 5.0  SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ................ 75 

5.1 Summary of Findings .......................................................................................................... 75 5.2  Recommendation ............................................................................................................ 75

 5.3  Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 76

 5.4  Planning Implications of the Study ................................................................................ 77 

5.5  Contribution to Knowledge ............................................................................................ 77 

5.6  Areas of Further Research .............................................................................................. 78 References ..................................................................................................................................... 79 Appendix ....................................................................................................................................... 84