The study examined the effect of rapid population increase on economic growth in Nigeria. Data was collected from well structured questionnaire administered to the residents of Ondo state. Data collected was analyzed using mean, standard deviation, frequency counts and percentages. Findings revealed that Human capital development has positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria. It was also discloded thst population growth has great effect on economic growth. Similarly, findings revealed that there is positive relationship between population growth rate in Nigeria and economic growth. Furthermore, findings disclosed that declining or ageing population has negative effect on economic growth And overpopulation has both positive and negative effect on economic growth. It is therefore recommended that government should enact population policies capable of halting further excessive population because when population continues to grow excessively without check, positive contributions to economic growth become frustrated. It was also recommended that government should put in place measure that will increase the population of able people rather than increasing ageing people