ABSTRACT

Bioremediation is an important technology for the restoration of oil polluted environments by indigenous or selected microorganisms. In general, the rate of biodegradation depends on the number and types of micro-organism, the nature and chemical structure of pollutants to be degraded and the environmental conditions. In this study, the efficacy of the biodegradation potentials of foreign (  PETROX HC 500, PETROX HC 600, PETROX HC 100, PETROX HC 1150 AND PETROX HC 339 ) and local materials(Saw dust and Poultry dropping) was compared by application of different biostimulation treatments for the biodegradation of the crude oil contaminated soils. Microbial activity was evaluated following growth of heterotrophic and degrading microorganisms. Hydrocarbons degradation was established by determination of TPH using a clarity GC/MS. During this period, total petroleum hydrocarbons and changes in bacterial communities was monitored. The foreign stimulant recorded a TPH reduction of 40.2% while the local stimulant only recorded a TPH reduction of 7.7%. In the  soil, the dominant microorganism population comprises Bacillus Spp and S.Epididymis and they are all Gram-positive bacteria.  These results have shown that the combination of the foreign materials (PETROX HC 500, PETROX HC 600, PETROX HC 100, PETROX HC 1150 AND PETROX HC 339) is an efficient treatment to be applied in remediation of crude oil contaminated soil.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1    AimandObjectives
1.1.1    Aim
1.1.2    Objectives
1.2    Scope of Study
1.3    Relevance of Study

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1  Bioremediation.
2.2  Cleanup technologies – bioremediation versus other methods
2.3  Bioremediation technology.
2.3.1 Basic understanding of bioremediation principles.
2.3.2 Practicality and application of bioremediation systems.
2.4   Bioremediation strategies    .
2.4.1 Composting as a bioremediation process(solid phase treatment).
2.4.2 Slurry reactors.
2.5  Types of bioremediation.
2.5.1 Biostimulation.
2.5.2 Bioaugmentation.
2.5.3 Natural attenuation.

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Materials and method.
3.1.1 Materials.
3.1.1.1 Contaminated soil ssample.
3.1.1.2 Saw dust
3.1.1.3 Poultry droppings
3.1.1.4 Patented foreign biostimulants.
3.2     Methods.
3.2.1  Experimental design.
3.2.2  Method of determination of the temperaure (t)
3.2.3  Method of determination of the microbial load (ml)
3.2.4  Method of determination of the total petroleum hydrocarbon (tph)..
3.2.5   Microbial isolation and identification.



CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1    Results
4.2    Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1    Conclusion
5.2    Recommendation

REFERENCES .
APPENDIX