INTRODUCTION
Ratio has been most important tools for the effective development of manufacturing companies and industries, the major uses of ratio is to access the profitability, gearing, liquidity and asset turnover of the company. The introduction of ratio analysis in manufacturing company has brought about a turn around in many industry and companies.
The important of ratio analysis in the running of any manufacturing cannot be over emphasizes, it is this significant role that led to the believe. That ratio is the life blood of every manufacturing companies and industries.
TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.7 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE CASE STUDY
1.8 DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RATIO ANALYSIS
2.2 INTERPRETATION OF ACCOUNTING RATIOS
2.3 THE CONCEPT OF FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS
2.4 THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT
2.4.1 THE INCOME STATEMENT
2.4.2 THE BALANCE SHEET
2.5 ANALYSIS OF FINANCAL STATEMENT
2.5.1 TYPES OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT
2.5.2 PROCEDURE IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
2.6 THE ROLE OF COMPARISON IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
2.6.1 STANDARD FOR COMPARISON
2.7 PARTIES INTERESTED IN THE FINANCIAL RATIOS
2.8 USES OF FINANCIAL RATIOS
2.9 CLASSIFICATION OF RATIO
2.9.1 LIQUIDITY AND SOLVENCY
2.9.2 ACID TEST (OR QIUCK) RATIO
2.9.3 PROFITABILITY
2.9.4 GEARING/LEVERAGE
2.9.4.1 GEARING RATIO
2.9.5 EFFICIENCY
2.9.5.1 ASSET TURNOVER
2.9.5.2 STOCK TURNOVER
2.9.6 INVESTMENT
2.9.6.1 DIVIDEND PER SHARE
2.9.6.2 DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO
2.9.6.3 DIVIDEND YIELD RATIO
2.9.6.4 EARNING PER SHARES
2.9.6.5 OPERATING CASH FLOW PER SHARE
2.9.6.6 PRICE EARNING RATIO (PIE RATIO)
2.10 LIMITATION OF RATIO ANALYSIS
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
3.1 RESEARCH METHOD
3.2 POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.3 SAMPLE TECHNIQUE
3.4 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.4.1 OBSERVATION
3.4.2 PERSONAL INTERVIEWS
3.5 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
4.0 INTRODUCTION
4.1 PRESENTATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.2 LIQUIDITY
4.2.1 CURRENT RATIO
4.2.2 ACID TEST RATIO
4.3 PROFITABILITY
4.3.1 NET PROFIT MARGIN
4.3.2 GROSS PROFIT MARGIN
4.3.3 RETURN ON OWNER’S EQUITY
4.3.4 RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
4.4 GEARING/LEVERAGE
4.4.1 GEARING RATIO
4.4.2 INTEREST COVER RATIO
4.5 EFFICIENCY
4.5.1 AVERAGE STOCK TURNOVER PERIOD
4.5.2 STOCK TURNOVER
4.5.3 ASSET TURNOVER RATIO
4.5.4 SALES PER EMPLOYER
4.6 INVESTMENT
4.6.1 DIVIDEND PER SHARE
4.6.2 DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO
4.6.3 DIVIDEND YIELD RATIO
4.6.5 OPERATING CASH FLOW PER SHARE
4.6.4 EARNINGS PER SHARE
4.6.6 PRICE EARNING RATIO
4.2 INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDING, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
5.0 INTRODUCTION
5.1 SUMMARY
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
5.3.1 LIQUIDITY
5.3.2 PROFITABILITY
5.3.3 GEARING/LEVERAGE
5.3.4 GENERAL RECOMMENDATION
5.4 LIMITATION OF STUDY
REFERENCE
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX
